Estrogen preserves split renal function in a chronic complete unilateral ureteral obstruction animal model
نویسندگان
چکیده
Estrogen may help to preserve renal function in chronic kidney disease. This study examined whether estrogen administration or deprivation affected the split renal function in rats subjected to chronic unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO). Fifteen adult female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups. Low- and high-estrogen groups were modeled by female castration or estrogen intraperitoneal injection, respectively, and the rats in the normal-estrogen group were untreated. Intermittent split renal function [glomerular filtration rate (GFR)] examination was performed on rats on days 2, 6 and 16 after UUO surgery via single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT/CT). Routine hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining, immunohistochemistry, pathology examination and electron microscopy were performed to compare the histological differences. Low-, normal- and high-estrogen groups were successfully established (P<0.001). In the acute stage, the GFR of the contralateral healthy kidney showed a greater compensatory rise in the normal- and high-estrogen groups than in the low-estrogen group (P<0.05). In the chronic stage, the GFR of the obstructed kidney continued to decrease with the GFR of the high-estrogen group being significantly better preserved than that of the low-estrogen group (P<0.05). The GFR of the contralateral kidney compensated to the greatest extent in the high-estrogen group (P=0.01), and the total GFR was significantly superior (P<0.05). Routine H&E examination showed significant histological changes following surgery. The low-estrogen group had significant renal interstitial fibrosis compared with the normal- and high-estrogen groups (P<0.05), as observed by immunohistochemical (IHC) examination of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA). Electron-microscopic (EM) examination also differentiated between groups. In conclusion, estrogen administration and deprivation significantly affected renal function. Estrogen may preserve the split renal function (GFR) in rats with chronic UUO.
منابع مشابه
Renin-angiotensin system and unilateral ureteral obstruction
Unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) is a clinical scenario that leads to obstructive nephropathy. UUO alters the expression of many mediators in the ipsilateral kidney. Renin-angiotensin system (RAS) is involved in UUO. Angiotensin II (Ang II) and angiotensin 1-7 (Ang 1-7) as the main arms of RAS influence kidney function which may alter by UUO. Ang II via Ang II receptor subtypes I (AT1R) ...
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